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It is defined as an abnormal decrease in the number of circulating neutrophils in peripheral blood. The effectiveness of the body's first line of defense is lost. The neutrophil count falls below 2000 cells / mm3. The temperature rise should be higher than 38.3 ° C. This diagnosis is considered a medical emergency and may appear in patients undergoing chemotherapy.


Reduction in the duration of neutropenia and the impact of febrile neutropenia in patients with malignant tumors treated with cytotoxic chemotherapy (excluding chronic mieloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes).


  1. Bennett CL, Djulbegovic B, Norris LB, et al: Colony-stimulating factors for febrile neutropenia during cancer therapy. N Engl J Med 368:11311139, 2013
  2. Cooper KL, Madan J, Whyte S, et al: Granulocyte colony-stimulating factors for febrile neutropenia prophylaxis following chemotherapy: Systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Cancer 11:404, 2011
  3. Weycker D, Li X, Edelsberg J, et al: Risk and consequences of chemotherapy-induced febrile neutropenia in patients with metastatic solid tumors. J Oncol Pract 10:47-54, 2015
  4. Herbst C, Naumann F, Kruse EB, et al: Prophylactic antibiotics or G-CSF for the prevention of infections and improvement of survival in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 1:CD007107, 2009
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